Japan is the most oriental country in Asia, and most advanced because of its economic, industrial and sociocultural level. This has turned Japan into the treasurer of numerous traditions that coming from Central Asia, have covered the whole continent and suffered enriching variants up to jumping the sea and arriving to the archipelago, through the course of time they´ve been consolidated, even being perpetuated after disapearing from their country.
The Japanese archipelago, placed in the Pacific Ocean, to the northeast of Asia, comprises several thousands of islands that spread from north to south along 2.800 km (from the latitude of Bordeaux up to that of the south of Morocco) and across, scarcely above 250 km. The entire surface of the country is 377.737 km2. Four principal islands represent 97 % of the country.
Japan is a mountainous country, covered by forests (68 % of the surface), and located in an area of high volcanic and seismic activity. Only 27 % of the entire surface is relatively flat, and only 14 % devotes itself to agricultural activities. The highest peak in Japan is the mount Fuji, an inactive volcano of 3.766 meters of altitude. The volcanoes and the thermal sources are numerous.
The climate of Japan changes from the subtropical conditions of Okinawa up to the subArctic cold in Hokkaido. The climate in the north is very cold in winter and warm in the summer. In the center near the Pacific Ocean, in the island of Honshu, the winters are not that cold, but the summers turn out to be extremely humid and warm; the barrier that the Japanese island form (Japanese Alps) make the winters much harder than in the west slope , which reaches out to the Japanese Sea. In the area around Tokyo, the seasons are marked with cold winters and very warm and humid summers.
The rainfall is very high. The average annual precipitations range between 1.700 and 1.800 mm. Due to the influence of the monsoons, it rains almost every day between the middle of June and half /ends of July. The typhoons are frequent at the end of the summer and beginning of autumn.
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